What is the function of liver in human body?

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Introduction

Liver is a dark brownish and soft consistency organ located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen and just below the diaphragm and its small portion is extended into left upper quadrant of  abdomen.

An average weight of liver in adult is 1.2 to 1.5 kg.

In the superior side of liver is diaphragm 

In the inferior side of liver is intestine and stomach is located

In the right side of liver is right kidney located 

In left side of kidney is stomach is located

* It is the largest internal organ  and largest gland of human body.

* It play a vital role in digestion, metabolism, storage of neutrient and detoxification of toxins

* It performs more than 500 activities  in the human body

Externaly  setructure of liver

Liver has two main surfaces

1. Viseral surface

It is irregular surface where gallballader  is present 

2.Diaphragmatic surface

It is a smooth surface that is incontect with diaphragm 

How many lobes does liver has?

There are four lobes of liver

* Right lobe

* Left lobe

* Caudate lobe

* Quadrate lobe


How many type of cells are present in liver?

There are four type of cells are present in liver

1. Kupffer cells

These types of liver cells are responsible for distroying of bacteria and red blood cells

2.Hepatocytes

These type of liver cells are responsible for metabolism, bile production and detoxification 

3. Stellate cells or ito cells

This type of liver cells are responsible for  storage of vitamin A

How blood is transport to liver?

Liver has two way for getting blood and nutrients the first one is 

1. Hepatic artery

Which provide oxygen rich blood  to liver

2. Hepatic portal vein 

 All digestive tract blood before going back to heart through inferior vena cava first they inter into liver thereafter they go to heart through inferior vena cava

What are the function of liver?

1. Detoxification 

Liver convert toxin substance into less harmful and excrete out from the body through kidney.

Example of toxin substances include

* Alcohol

* Drugs

* Toxins

2. Function of liver in metabolism 

a.Metabolism of protein

*Formation of urea

*Synthesis of plasma protein like *albumin

*Deamination of amino acids

b. Metabolism of carbohydrates 

* Conversion of glucose into glycogen called glucogenesis

* Conversion of glycogen into glucose  is called glycogenolysis

* Gormation of glucose for non carbohydrate source is called glyconeogenesis

C. Metabolism of fat

* Formation of cholestrol

* Breakdown of fatty acid

* Production of lipoprotein

3. Function of liver in the production of bile

* Bile which is produced from liver will store in gallbladder and perform their function that is responsible for the emulsification of fat after the emulsification of fat that is eligible for digestable through digestive enzymes

4. Role of liver in storage of nutrients 

Liver also perform the storage  function in which they store 

* Vitamin ADEK and B12

*Glycogen

* Iron

* Copper

5. Role of liver in immunity 

The special type of cells in liver called kupffer cells they are responsible for distruction of RBCs and removal of foreign particles e.g bacteria etc this strong the immunity 

For more about other human organ and their function visit this websitehttps://healthduhs.blogspot.com/2026/04/what-is-kidney-and-what-are-its.html


 Reference


 WHO -World Health Organisation
NIH- National Institute Of Health)

 CDC- Centre for Disease Control and prevention



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