What is respiratory acidosis and Alkalosis?

-

 
Introduction
As we know that every liquid form of the universe has three nature and at a time one will present that are acidic, basic or neutral.
These all terms will be decide on behalf of the solubility of that substance e.g if we dissolve any substance in water when they release H ions we called it is an acid, the second is about base if we dissolve any substance in water and that release OH ion we called it is a basic and last about neutral if we dissolved any substance in water they release neither H ions nor OH ions we called it neutral.

Human blood is a buffer ( that resist a minor changes in its PH) if we add small amount of acid or base it will neutralize that and maintain its PH the normal PH of human blood is 7.35 to 7.45 it  mean it is neutral or slightly basic in nature as per Acid and Base scale.
According to that scale it has 15 digits and is divide into three category one is from 1 to 6  that is acid , second is only 7 that is neutral and the last one is from 8 to 15 that is basic.

There are main organ which are responsible for the management of these acidic or basic condition one is lung  which is the primary organ incase of respiratory acidosis and alkalosis  which is responsible for the remove of carbon dioxide and retaining it  and the second is kidneys which is secondary or and organ which is responsible for bicarbonates and H ions maintenance to control acidity and basicity. 

In respiratory system the respiratory gases oxygen and carbon dioxide  exchanged as per their schedule when these gases get disturbed at that time their more accumulation and their more releasing cause the PH of the blood change that gases causes the body acidosis or alkalosis of the body.

ns.


 

Respiratory acidosis
in this type the removal of carbon dioxide from the body compromised it they are not removing from the body as a result they accumulate inside the body due to this the PH of blood decreased and that condition is acidic.


 

How acidity happen?
First the ventilation of body decreased at that time CO2  accumulate in the body this gas react with the water and as a result carbonic acid form.
CO2 + H2O = H2CO3
And this carbonic acid react with water as result H ions and corbonate form the H ions contribute in the decreasing of PH of blood as a result respiratory acidosis occur.
H2CO3 + H2O = H+ + HCO3-
Result of respiratory acidosis
Shock
Respiratory failure
Coma
Cardiac arythmias
Death
Causes of respiratory acidosis?
Neuromuscular disorder
All those muscles which are responsible for the inhale and exhale of gases when they get compromise respirator acidosis occur
Chest wall disorder
either that disorder in the muscle or bone of the chest or due to obesity.
Pulmonary disorder
e.g pneumonia, COPD
     Central nervous system disorder
We know that respiratory system is located in the brain system when they compromise due to any reason as a result respiratory acidosis occur
Airway obstruction
Airway are the more important in the respiratory system because through these system gases get inhaled or exhaled when they get any type of compromise there should be compromise in the ventilation and cause respiratory acidosis.
Manifestation of  respiratory acidosis
There are three system which will involved and present
Their manifestation
Respiratory system
Shortness of breathing
Respiratory distress
Shallow breathing
Cardiovascular system
Tachycardia for more about cardiovascular system https://healthduhs.blogspot.com/2026/05/what-is-human-heart-and-its-function.html
Hypertension
Cardiac arrethmias
 
Nervous system
Headache
Drowsiness
Confusion
Memory problem
Decreased consciousness
coma
diagnosis
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG)
In this test a small amount of blood taken from  the artery and test in laboratory for more about circularion https://healthduhs.blogspot.com/2026/05/what-is-circulatory-system-and-human.html
In this test if the
Low PH
High PCO2
It reveals that it is respiratory acidic condition and it require urgent  treatment
Treatment
Our first propriety should be the removal of excess CO2 from the body for that purpose we will positioned the suffered one
Bronchodialator
Mechanical ventilation
Respiratory alkalosis
In this type of respiratory disorder more and more CO2  removed from the body as a result carbonic acid decreased due to this H ions concentration will decreased as a result the over all PH of the blood increased this be a basic condition that is called respiratory alkalosis.


 


Causes
Hypoxemia
Low oxygen in the blood  for that purpose body try to overcome that condition as a result respiratory alkalosis occur.
Fever
Fever increase respiratory activity and that cause respiratory alkalosis.
Sepsis
Infection cause fever and  fever cause hyperventilation as a result respiratory alkalosis occur
Panic and anxiety attack
Suffered one try to breath continuously due to this respiratory alkalosis occur
Mechanical ventilation
Heavily activity cause high removal of carbon dioxide as a result respiratory alkalosis occur
Manifestation
Three system they provide signal about respiratory alkalosis
Muscular  system
Tingling around mouth
Tingling around fingure
Muscle cramp
Muscle twitching
Cardiovascular system
Tachycardia
Palpitation
Chest discomfort
 
Nervous system
 
Confusion
Dizziness
Difficulty concentrating
 
Lightheadnes
Diagnosis
Atrial blood gas (ABG)
In this test 
PH should be elevated  
PCO2 Will reduced from 35mmhg.
Treatment
Provide oxygen if required
Treat infection if it happen due to infection
Adjust ventilation setting
Treat underline cause
 reference

WHO -World Health Organization
NIH- National Institute Of Health)

 CDC- Centre for Disease Control and prevention


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

What is human health?

-
Image
What is human Health?  1.Human health is the complete set of Physical, Mental and Social status. It mean we called a person healthy if he\she is stable in these three status. What is physical status of a person according to health ? Physical status is that state of a person if he/she is looking stable infront of their self due to the stable condition of their internal chemistry and physical appearance. Due to the result of these things they will perform every action by their self e.g walking, running, eating, drinking , eliminating etc. If these things are available in any person we called them physically stable. What is mental status of a person according to health? A person he\she is able to control their every part of body in every situation or the ability  to respond every stimulus within normal condition is called mental health. If these condition present in a person we called them a mentally Stable person. 3. What is social status of a person according to health ? A per...
Read more

Benefits of exercise and its impacts on human body.

-
Image
Introduction:        All those activities that keep a person stable ,healthy and active by physically and mentally is called exercise. Exercise of routine. What is Cardio exercise? It is a type of exercise which improve heart and lung health is called  cardio exercise. In this type of exercise heart and lungs both  directly include because both organs openly coordinates for the purpose of blood pumping and blood oxigination respectively. If we perform any activity only specific for heart it will also improve the health of lungs same condition will happen if we perform any activity specific for lung it will defineatly improve the health of heart because the blood in heart  needs oxigination before leaving the heart and approaching the body and cell for this purpose it move toward lungs for oxigination and from lung oxiginate blood move toward heart thereafter it will approach whole body. The exercise that we will perform for any specific organ any of th...
Read more

HYPOTENSION AND PEOPLES ARE AT RISK OF HYPOTENSION??

-
Image
Introduction   First blood pressure is the pressure of blood which the blood apply pressure on the wall of blood vessel during circulation is called blood pressure. The normal value of Blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg. 120 is the systolic and 80 is the diastolic blood pressure. Systolic blood pressure Systolic blood pressure is the pressure of blood when the ventricle contract and pump the blood out from heart at that time pressure applied on the blood vessel is called systolic blood pressure. Diastolic blood pressure After contraction of ventricle during the relaxation time the remaining pressure of blood in blood vessel is called diastolic blood pressure. Introduction and stages of hypotension      If there is the presence of fluid in any system they have their own pressure such like human is a system and blood is a fluid it perform its function in its normal condition when it deviate from normal condition then it creates problem. When the blood pressure decreas...
Read more