WHAT IS ANEMIA? WHAT ARE THE SIGN AND SYMPTOMS OF ANEMIA.

-

 Introduction

 Each cells of human body require oxygen for their survival. For that purpose the vascular system of human provide adequate  oxygen through blood.

Here blood is the main source of oxygen transporter to the cells. Blood contain several substance but two of them Reb blood cell and Hemoglobin play a vital role in the transmission of oxygen.

When the concentration of Red Blood Cell and Hemoglobin decreased from its normal value due to this the transmission of  oxygen will be reduced to cells and that doesn't perform  its function accurately. This conditions is called anemia.

What are RBCs?

* A fluid that   is responsible  for holding hemoglobin

* Life span of RBCs is 120 days

* After 120 days it will be raptured by Spleen

Hemoglobin

* It is made up of hem means Iron and globin means globular protein

* Its  Function is to deliver oxygen from lungs to body.

Types of anemia

1. Normocytic anemia

In this type of anemia the size of RBCs is remain same but the number  of RBCs reduced this cause reduced the required oxygen for cell

Causes:

*Poor iron production 

*Loos of RBCs

* Destruction of RBCs]

* Low erythropoitein

*Decreased RBCs production

2. Microcytic anemia

 In this type of anemia the size of RBCs become smaller than their normal size due to this the decreased size of RBCs unable to transport oxygen effectively to the cell. Smaller size RBCs contain less internal space that is not enough for hemoglobin as a result such type of anemia occur.

Causes

*  Low iron

* Poor iron utilization

* Heme synthesis defect

* Iron Synthesis defect

* Enzyme inhibition

3. Macrocytic anemia

 In this type of anemia the size of RBCs larger than its normal size  due to the increased size of RBCs their walls become weak due to abnormally increased their size they unable to transport oxygen 

to the cell. During their transmission of  oxygen to the cell they burst during their journey  and failed to deliver oxygen.

Causes

*Vitamin B12 deficiency 

For more about Vitamin  B12 visit thia sitehttps://healthduhs.blogspot.com/2026/02/role-of-vitamin-b12-and-its-related.html

* Folic acid deficiency 

For more about folic acid visit this website

https://healthduhs.blogspot.com/2026/01/folic-acid-and-their-function-in-human.html

* Liver disease

* Alcoholism

* Hypothyrodism

*Drugs 

* Bone marrow disorder

4. Nutritional anemia

 Type of anemia caused by the deficiency of essential nutrient that are the requirement of RBCs production . Essential nutrients are Iron, Folic acid and vitamin B12.

Causes

* Folic acid deficiency

* Iron deficiency

*Vitamin B12 deficiency 

* Amino acid required for hemoglobin deficiency 

5.Hemolytic anemia

When the Immature RBCs rapture faster than the bone marrow replacing as a result such type of anemia occur

Causes

* Genetic case

* Autoimmune 

* toxin

* Cancer

* Drug

6. Aplastic anemia

 A type of anemia which happen due to the un-abbility of bone marrow to form RBCs is called Aplastic anemia 

Causes

* infection

* Radiation

* Chemicals

* Drugs

* Genetic code 

* Autoimmune disorder

* Inherited causes


7. Anemia of choronic disorder

 A type of  anemia which happen due to the long lasting infection, inflammation and other choronic disease which cause poor iron utilization and RBCs production .

Causes

* Choronic disease

* Presence of tumor

* Artheritis 

* Tuberclosis

8. Genetic anemia

This type of anemia occur due to the difect of gene in parents and it expose in their offsprings

Causes

* Red blood cell enzyme defect

* Red blood cell membrane defect

*Hemoglobin synthesis disorder

* Inherited bone marrow  disorder syndrome

* Iron metabolism defect

9. Iron deficiency anemia

 Such type of anemia occur due to the deficiency of iron in the body because iron is the important element of hemoglobin without iron there would be no existence of iron due to this no iron no oxygen transport to the cell and anemia occur

Causes 

* Decreased iron absorption

* Increased iron demand in body

* Inadequate iron intake

* Choronic blood loose

Prevention from anemia

* Balanced diet

* Prevent blood loose

*Prevent infection

* Prevent toxins

*Genetic counseling

* Health monitoring 

*Iron and folic acid tablet during pregnancy

Treatment

* Identification which type of anemia is this

* Maintaining nutritional health

* Regular health checkup

* Increased hydration 

* Enhance rest

*Blood transfusion  in severe case

*Nutritional supplementation e.g Folic acid, Vitamin B12 and iron

* Identification which type of anemia is this



References


 WHO -World Health Organisation

NIH- National Institute Of Health)

 CDC- Centre for Disease Control and prevention


 

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

What is human health?

-
Image
What is human Health?  1.Human health is the complete set of Physical, Mental and Social status. It mean we called a person healthy if he\she is stable in these three status. What is physical status of a person according to health ? Physical status is that state of a person if he/she is looking stable infront of their self due to the stable condition of their internal chemistry and physical appearance. Due to the result of these things they will perform every action by their self e.g walking, running, eating, drinking , eliminating etc. If these things are available in any person we called them physically stable. What is mental status of a person according to health? A person he\she is able to control their every part of body in every situation or the ability  to respond every stimulus within normal condition is called mental health. If these condition present in a person we called them a mentally Stable person. 3. What is social status of a person according to health ? A per...
Read more

Benefits of exercise and its impacts on human body.

-
Image
Introduction:        All those activities that keep a person stable ,healthy and active by physically and mentally is called exercise. Exercise of routine. What is Cardio exercise? It is a type of exercise which improve heart and lung health is called  cardio exercise. In this type of exercise heart and lungs both  directly include because both organs openly coordinates for the purpose of blood pumping and blood oxigination respectively. If we perform any activity only specific for heart it will also improve the health of lungs same condition will happen if we perform any activity specific for lung it will defineatly improve the health of heart because the blood in heart  needs oxigination before leaving the heart and approaching the body and cell for this purpose it move toward lungs for oxigination and from lung oxiginate blood move toward heart thereafter it will approach whole body. The exercise that we will perform for any specific organ any of th...
Read more

HYPOTENSION AND PEOPLES ARE AT RISK OF HYPOTENSION??

-
Image
Introduction   First blood pressure is the pressure of blood which the blood apply pressure on the wall of blood vessel during circulation is called blood pressure. The normal value of Blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg. 120 is the systolic and 80 is the diastolic blood pressure. Systolic blood pressure Systolic blood pressure is the pressure of blood when the ventricle contract and pump the blood out from heart at that time pressure applied on the blood vessel is called systolic blood pressure. Diastolic blood pressure After contraction of ventricle during the relaxation time the remaining pressure of blood in blood vessel is called diastolic blood pressure. Introduction and stages of hypotension      If there is the presence of fluid in any system they have their own pressure such like human is a system and blood is a fluid it perform its function in its normal condition when it deviate from normal condition then it creates problem. When the blood pressure decreas...
Read more