What are spinal nervous and their function in human body?
Introduction
As we discussed nervous system in our previous article just for reminder nervous system is divided into two categories. for more about nerve systemhttps://healthduhs.blogspot.com/2026/05/how-part-of-central-nervous-system.html
1.
Central nervous system
·
Brain
·
Spinal cord
2.
Peripheral nervous system
·
Cranial nerves
All those nervous they arise from the brain and attached to body
part is called cranial nervous. They are 12 pairs in number
·
Spinal nervous
Spinal cord is an important part of central nervous system which
also play a vital role in
Conducting impulses toward and away from the brain, it also a
center of reflex and also it gives an
origin to spinal nervous. It attaches with different body parts through peripheral
nervous system that we called spinal nervous. There are 31 pairs of spinal.
Spinal cord is present inside the foramen of vertebrae and
spinal nervous arise out from spinal cord through intervertebral foramen. Spinal
cord which starts from medulla oblongata and end at first lumbar vertebra its
length is 45cm long and its cylindrical in structure.
How spinal nervous arise from spinal cord?
As we know that there are 31 pairs ( it means 62 spinal nervous
) of spinal nervous are arise from spinal cord in such where 31 spinal nervous
arise from the right side of spinal cord and 31 spinal nervous arise from the
left side of spinal cord.
Spinal cord has two color substances one is called white matter
that present outer side of the spinal cord and another is gray matter
that Is present next to inward white matter.
Gray matter has a structure of butterf The side of gray matter which is toward inside of the body is called anterior gray horn and side which toward outside of the body is called posterior gray horn.
Each spinal nervous not pair on either side of the gray matter
before attached them they divide into two parts one is called dorsal root that
is attached to posterior gray horn they bring impulse toward spinal nerve and
another is called ventral root that is attached to anterior gray horn they take
the response of impulse and compel it toward effector.
Now we will discussed about all the spinal nerve.
There 31 pairs of spinal as per knowledge because we have
discussed above.
1.
8 pairs of cervical spinal nerve a. C1
Function:
Controls
muscles of head and neck help in the movement of neck.
b.
C2
Function
Sensation
from back of the neck and head also help in neck movement
c.
C3
Function
Help in the control of neck muscle and also control for breathing.
d.
C4
Function
It helps in the sensation of shoulder and also control
diaphragm function.
e.
C5
Function
It helps
in the sensation of upper arm, lifting of object, bending of elbow and also
perform shoulder movement.
f.
C6
Function
It helps
in elbow flexion, thumb sensation and wrist extension.
g.
C7
Function
it
helps to give sensation to middle figure , extension of figure and also
extension of elbow.
h.
C8
Function
It gives
sensation to medial hand and little figure.
It also help in the flexion of finger and hand grip.
2.
12 pairs of thoracic spinal
nerve
a.
T1
Function
It
helps in the sensation of figure muscle
and sensation of medial forearm.
b. T2
Function
It helps
in the sensation of armpit and upper chest.
c. T3
Function
It controls
intercoastal muscle both eitherly internal or external internal coastal muscle.
d.
T4
Function
It helps
in the sensation of nipple and nipple area and also contribute in the sensation
of chest wall muscle.
e.
T5
Function
It also
helps in the intercoastal muscle for breathing
and also contribute in the chest wall.
f.
T6
Function
It present
in the xiphoid area and it play a function in respiratory muscle.
g.
T7
Function
It control
the abdominal wall muscle and skin.
h.
T8
Function
It controls
upper abdomen.
i.
T9
Function
Its
function is mid abdominal muscle control and also abdominal skin sensation.
i.
T10
Function
It is
present in umbilicus area where it detect the sensation of this area.
j.
T11
Function
It control
the muscle of lower abdomen and also detect the sensation of lower trunk.
k.
T12
Function
It present
in the location of lower abdomen and lower trunk here it detect sensation.
3. 5
pairs of lumbar spinal nerve
a.
L1
Function
It control lower abdomen muscle. It detect the
sensation of groin region and also help in the flexion of hip.
b.
L2
Function:
It the spinal
which is important for the initiation of walking and detect
sensation from front of thigh.
It also help in
the flexion of hip.
c.
L3
Function:
This nerve play a vital role in the stability
of walking. It also detect sensation from thigh and also help in the extension
of knee.
d.
L4
Function
It detect
medial leg sensation and also control foot during walking.
e.
L5
Function
It help in the sensation of the top of foot and also help in the movement of tow extension and hip abduction
4. 5pairs of sacral spinal nerve
a.
S1
Function:
It helps
in hip extension and external rotation
and also detect the sensation from lateral foot. It helps in walking.
b.
S2
Function:
It helps
the legs during walking and control hamstring muscle. It detect the sensation
from the posterior of thigh.
c.
S3
Function
It detect
sensation around the buttock region and also control part of bladder. It also
control bowel function.
d.
S4
Function
It control
the sphincter of anal and also control bladder, bowel function. It also play a vital role in sexual activity.
e.
S5
Function
It detects sensation from the perineal
area and also detect sensation from anal region. It also control the continence
of bowel
5. 1 pair of coccygeal
spinal nerve
a. Co1
Function:
It detect sensation
in the lower part of spinal area.
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