DIABETES AND ITS IMPACT ON HUMAN BEING
Introduction
Every system require energy to perform its function e.g all vehicles need fuels to move from one place to another such like this human being is also a largest system it require energy to perform its function. That energy is the requirement of our each and every part of the body cell we can called, it is an energy currency of human body that is called ATP. When ATP will available in our cell they perform their function properly. without ATP they will not perform their function properly and gradually die when this condition persist.
ATP formed by another energy that is called glucose when glucose ( end product of our food that we daily intake ) will available in the cell ATP form contineously and the whole system of the body become confortable here is the basic understanding glucose itself doesn't inter into the cell. However it require another substance to transport glucose into the cell that substance is called insulin. Its a harmone secreted by the Beta cells of pancreas. Some cell of human body that does not allow glucose to inter into their boundary without permission, for this purpose they require this hormone called insulin ), in the presence of insulin glucose will transport to these types of cell e.g muscle cell, cardiac cell and adipose cell.
First insulin released by the beta cells of pancreas when the concentration of glucose level increased in blood thereafter it move toward those cells that require insulin for the entry of glucose for this purpose they have receptor on their surface this receptor is made up of protein when insulin released by the beta cells of pancreas after getting signal of high glucose level in the blood it goes toward that specific cell and bind on that receptor they had been created for insulin. When insulin will bind bind these receptor glucose easily inter into the cell and body perform its function that receptor is called GLUT-4.
In diabetes those cells of body that required insulin for the entery of glucose does not get glucose efficiently, due to the deficency of insulin or and any substance in the body they doesn't allow insulin to transport glucose, as a result diabetes occur.
There are two types of diabetes type 1 and type 2.
Type 1 diabetes or Diabetes mellitus
This type of diabetes is called diabetes millitus in which insulin, which is the requirement of body cell to allow glucose. That insulin is secreted by the Bets cell of pancreas these Beta cell does not secrete insulin as a result those cell they require insulin for the purpose of give permission to glucose to inter into the cell. These cell deprived from glucose and the glucose level start to accumulate in the blood, that over accumulation is harmful for human being, such type of condition is called diabetes millitus or diabetes type 2.
Diabetes will occur in days to week in any age eitherly children, adult and old.
Sign and symptoms of diabetes type 1
1. Hyperglycemia ( high level of glucose in the cell)
When the body doesn't use glucose as a result the concentration of glucose increase in the blood.
2. Insulin deficiency ( pancreas unable to release insulin )
Beta cells of pancreas unable to release insulin as a result glucose will not provide to cell and it accumulate in the blood.
3. Body uses protein and fat for their energy requirement instead of glucose.
Body uses glucose which is the end product of carbohydrate but when glucose will not provided by the carbohydrate body start to use fat and protein which is not a normal condition for human health.
4. Frequent urination in night time
When the concentration of glucose increase in the body kidney begin to secret out it through urinary system to maintain homeostasis of body.
During this type of diabetes high blood glucose then body high demand to secret it out .
Diabetes the patient feel frequently urination.
5. Excessive thirst
When the body secrete out glucose that will not only glucose, for urination ,water will also released with glucose and the concentration of water decreased in the body and the patient feel more and more thrust.
6. Excessive hunger
Body cells doesn't get energy due to insulin deficent to overcome such type of deficency they send a signal to body that is hunger.
7. Weight loss
fat and protein they are the setructural part of our body and also they maintain the weight of body by their presence the weight of body is masurable ammount. When the body begin to use protein and fat as a result mass of body decrease that we called weight loss
9.Blurred vision
High concentration of glucose in the body redirect water toward eyes they interfere with the lens of eye as a result blurred vision occur.
10. Fatigue
Body Required glucose to provide energy due to the deficiency of glucose body fell weak due to energy deficent as a result fatique occur.
Due to energy deficit mood of patient consistently change.
12. Dry mouth
In diabetes the patient wants to urinate frequently after some time due to high level of glucose in the body body urge to excrete glucose, water also secrete due to such type of condition dehydration occur as a result dry mouth happen with that patient.
13. Slow wound healing
After getting injury to recover from injury body require energy when the energy will not provide to body definetly that wound take longer time to heal.
14. Infection
During high glucose level in blood it is the opportunity for any foreign particle to grow easily because glucose act as a neutrient for them as a result infection occur.
15. Breath smell
During diabetes body use fat as a result sweet smell occure in breath
16. Blood flow distrubance
During diabetes high glucose presence in the blood vessel , this high concentration of glucose effect the blood vessel by loosing the elasticity as a result blood doesn't flow easily.
causes of diabetes millitus type 1
1. Autoimmune disorder
The immunse system of body attack on the beta cells by declaring them as a foreign particle when the beta cell destroy, no insulin will produce in the body.
2. Genetic code
If any person have a history of diabetes in their faimly it might possible in future to suffered from them e.g from parents to offsprings.
3. Viral Infection
Some viruse looking like the beta cells of pancreas after the response of immune system they destroy foreign particle and immune cell simultaneously as a result diabetes occur
4. Toxins
Some toxin from environment directly attack on beta cells due to this immune system direct act upon both of them as a result diabetes occur due to inasulin dependent.
5. Diet
Diet is not a direct cause but it is secondary cause of diabetes e.g sugar stress beta cell when beta cell stressed by sugar immune system declared beta cell as a foreign particle and attack on tehm.
Treatment of diabetes
1. Blood glucose monitoring
Monitor glucose through glucometer every day to update your health
2. Insuline therapy
It is a medicine used to maintain blood glucose for the purpose of excessive hyperglycemia
3.Exercise
Exercise is important because during exercise fats and mucles cell uses large amount of glucose as a result the concentration of glucose decreased.
For more about exercise
https://healthduhs.blogspot.com/2026/01/benefits-of-exercise-and-its-impact-on.html
4. Diet
1.Whole grain
2.Vegetable
3.Fruits with peel
4.Drink enougj water
5.Avoid sugar drink and sugar diet
6.Fixed meal time
7.Match insulin dose to carbohydrate
Medicine
1.Insulin
2.Pramlintide
3.Metformin
4. Glucagon injection
5. ACE inhibitor
1.Monitor children if they hae any type of deficent early administratred them through antibody
2. Vaccinate for infection
3. Avoid exposure to environment toxins
4. Healthy diet
For more about medicine visit the mentioned link
https://healthduhs.blogspot.com/2026/01/prevention-and-medicine-for-diabetes.html
References
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